Table IIA . Mean and standard deviation of each variable for the control sample

Variable

Definition

Diagram 
(See Fig 4)

F:10yo

F: 12 ro

Cranium

Anteroposterior (A-P) size

19-Gl

A 1

182.9 ± 7.3

185.2 ± 7.4

Frontal bone thickness at sinus

69-Gl

A 2

8.1 ± 1.9

9.5± 1.8

Cranial base

Flexure (angle)

Ba-S-N

A 3

130.7 ± 5.7

13 1.9 ± 5.3

Total length

Ba-N

A 4

100.7 ± 4.8

102.7 ± 4.3

Anterior length

S-N

A 5

67.2 ± 2.9

68.5± 2.9

Posterior length

Ba-S

A 6

23.9 ± 2.8

24.5± 2.5

Mandible

Overall length

Ar-Gn

B 7

98.4± 5.5

100.7 ± 4.9

Ramal height

Ar-Go

B 8

40.8± 3.1

41.6 ± 2.7

Corporal length

l45-Pog

B 9

76.2± 4.9

78.4 ± 4.5

Ramo-corporal angle

Ar-Go-Gn

B 10

130.6 ± 5.7

129.5 ± 5.7

Symphyseal height

159-Me

B 11

29.0 ± 2.5

30.4 ± 2.7

A-P relationship to sella:

Posterior mandible

Ar-S

D 12

13.8 ± 2.4

14.5 ± 2.2

Anterior mandible

S-Pog

D 13

56.3 ± 6.3

56.6 ± 6.4

Vertical relationship to Sella

Posterior mandible

S-Go

D 14

67.2 ± 4. I

68.6 ± 3.0

Anterior mandible

S-Gn

D 15

99.2 ± 5.3

101 .8 ± 4.3

A-P relationship of Pog to ACB

S-N-Pog

E 16

77.4 ± 2.9

76.7 ± 3.5

A-P relationship of point B to ACB

S-N-B

C 17

77.2 ± 2.8

76.3 ± 3.3

Slope in relation to ACB

[S-N]-[Go-Gn]

E 18

35.7 ± 5.0

36.3 ± 6.3

Maxilla

Overall length at the level of:

Orbit

Ptm-Mal

G 19

33.2 ± 2.3

33.10 ± 2.5

Palate

Ptm-ANS

G 20

51.1 ± 3.0

52.2 ± 3.1

Alveolus

Max tub-Pr

G 21

48.1 ± 3.4

49.4 ± 3.6

Overall mid-maxilla vertical height

114-121

G 22

44.3 ± 4.0

46.2 ± 3.6

Palato-alveolar height

Max-121

G 23

13.2 ± I .6

13.8 ± 2. I

Sella to posterior margin of maxilla

S-Ptm

C 24

18.3 ± 2.4

18.3 ± 2.2

Sella to anterior margin at midface

S-A

C 25

64.9 ± 4.0

65.4 ± 3.8

A-P relation off midface to ACB

S-N-A

C 26

81.3 ± 3.4

80.0 ± 3.4

Midfacial convexity

N-A-Pog

E 27

171.6 ± 6.6

172.5 ± 4.7

A-P relationship of key ridge to sella

S-Max

C 28

40.6 ± 3.2

40.4 ± 3.2

A-P rel. of key ridge to post max margin

MaxPNS-Max

G 29

22.4 ± 2. I

22.7 ± 2.0

Length of anterior moiety of palate

Max-ANS

E 30

27.9 ± 2.6

29.2 ± 2.8

Slope of palate in relation to ACB

[S-N]-[PNS-A]

G 31

16.5 ± 3.2

16.7 ± 4.1

Palato-mandibular plane angle

[PNS-A]-[Go-Gn]

E 32

19.1 ± 5.0

19.6 ± 7.3

Maxilla—mandible

AP alveolar discrepancy

A-N-B(ang)

C 33

4.1 ± 2.6

3.8 ± 2.2

Magnitude of discrepancy

B-A

C 34

-7.4 ± 3.6

-7.7 ± 3.4

Dentition

Mandible to Mandibular molar:

AP relationship to Sella

S-DL6

F 35

27.9± 3.8

28.2 ± 4.6

AP relationship to mid-ramal margin

Mid RmPt-DL6

B 36

39.6± 3.2

40.9 ± 4.0

Mandible to mandibular incisor:

AP relationship to Sella

MidRmPt-L1

B 37

75.1± 4.4

76.9 ± 4.3

Molar/incisor separation

ML6-L1

B 38

25.4 ± 3.2

25.3 ± 2.4

Inclination

[L1-168]-[Go-Me]

F 39

92.l ± 7.9

93.l ± 7.56

Maxilla to Maxillary molar:

AP relationship to Sella

S-DU6

F 40

27.7 ± 3.8

28.2 ± 4.0

AP rel to post. max margin

Ptm-DU6

F 41

9.7 ± 2.8

9.9 ± 3.0

Vertical height from Sella

S-DCU6

F 42

57.5± 3.0

57.9 ± 3.5

Maxilla to Maxillary incisor:

AP relationship to Sella

S-U1

F 43

66.8 ± 7.2

63.6 ± 6.2

Molar/incisor separation

MU6-U1

F 44

30.1 ± 2.9

30.6 ± 2.6

Inclination in rel to ACB

[U1-164]-[S-N]

F 45

101.6± 6.1

101.0 ± 6.2

Facial depth

Upper

Ar-N

G 46

88.00 ± 4.7

90.2 ± 4.2

Middle

MidRmPt-A

G 47

74.3 ± 4.8

75.9 ± 3.9

Lower

145-Pog

G 48

76.8± 4.9

78.4 ± 4.5

Total anterior height

N-Me

G 49

108.7 ± 6.4

111.9 ± 5.6

Upper anterior height

N-Pr

G 50

64.3± 4.3

66.2 ± 4.4

Lower anterior height

Pr-Me

G 51

46.4 ± 3.6

47.8 ± 3.1

Total posterior height

S-Go

G 52

67.2 ± 4.1

68.6 ± 3.0

F: 14 yo

M: 10 yo

M: 12 yo

M: 14 yo

 186.2 ± 7.6
  10.3 ± 2.2

186.3 ± 5.5
8.7 ± 2.2

188.4 ± 6.5
10.0 ± 2.1

191.2 ± 7.0
10.8 ± 2.7

132.0±5.3
104.1 ± 4.1
68.8 ± 3.5
24.7 ± 2.5

130.0 ±4.1
102.9 ± 3.2
68.7 ± 2.5
24.2 ± 2.0

130.3 ± 5.3
105.7 ± 4.1
70.1 ± 3.2
25.1 ± 2.4

130.2±4.7
108.9 ± 4.7
71.7 ± 3.3
26.0 ± 2.5

104.8 ± 4.8
41.1 ± 3.2
81.1 ± 4.8
128.6± 5.2
32.5 ± 3.1

99.0 ± 4.1
41.3 ± 3.0
77.0 ± 3.8
129.1 ±4.4
30.0 ± 2.5

102.4 ± 3.2
42.4 ± 2.9
79.8 ± 2.9
128.7 ± 3.8
30.4 ± 2.8

107.8 ± 27.8
45.0± 3.5
83.9 ± 4.4
128.3 ±4.6
32.9 ± 3.3

15.0 ± 2.3
59.6 ± 6.3

14.8 ± 2.0
54.9 ±5.4

15.5 ±2.0
58.6 ± 4.7

16.9 ± 2.1
61.6 ± 6.3

72.4 ±4.1
105.6 ± 6.0
77.4 ± 3.7
76.8 ± 3.4
36.2 ± 5.7

69.1 ± 3.6
101.7 ± 3.9
76.1 ± 3.1
76.4 ± 2.9
35.8 ± 4.4

71.8 ±4.2
103.9 ± 6.2
77.4 ± 3.4
77.1 ± 3.5
34.2 ± 4.8

76.3 ± 5.2
109.4 ± 6.3
78.1 ± 3.0
77.7 ± 3.0
33.8 ± 4.3

34.4 ± 2.6
53.8 ± 3.3
50.8 ± 5.6
49.1 ± 3.6
15.2 ±2.3
18.6 ± 2.5
67.6 ± 3.9
81.2 ± 3.4
171.9± 5.0
41.7 ± 2.8
23.4 ± 2.3
29.8 ± 3.2
16.7±4.1
19.5 ± 5.0

33.1 ± 2.5
53.1 ± 3.2
49.6 ± 3.8
45.7 ± 2.0
13.6± 1.3
18.7 ± 1.7
67.1 ± 3.5
82.1 ± 2.8
167.7 ±4.2
40.9 ± 2.5
22.6 ± 2.0
30.1 ± 2.2
17.0±4.1
18.7 ± 3.6

34.1 ± 2.8
54.2 ± 3.1
50.6 ± 3.5
47.4 ± 3.3
14.0± 1.9
18.9 ± 2.3
68.4 ± 3.8
81.9 ± 3.4
169.5 ±4.4
42.0 ± 2.7
23.6 ± 2.0
30.3 ± 2.7
15.9±3.9
18.3 ± 3.5

4.4±2.3
7.5 ± 3.6

5.7 ± 1.8
9.8 ± 2.5

4.8 ± 2.2
8.6 ± 3.3

4.7 ± 1.9
8.4 ± 3.2

30.8 ± 3.8
43.7 ± 3.4

26.8 ± 3.3
39.7 ± 3.0

29.5 ± 3.6
42.8 ± 3.1

32.8 ± 4.3
46.9 ± 4.1

79.1 ± 4.5
25.0 ± 2.0
92.6±7.8

78.4 ± 4.2
27.7 ± 2.0
96.1 ±5.5

79.8 ± 3.4
26.2 ± 2.1
95.3 ± 6.1

83.3 ± 4.6
25.4 ± 2.6
95.5 ± 3.9

30.7 ± 3.5
12.1 ± 2.3
62.4 ± 3.4

27.5 ± 3.2
8.8 ± 2.8
58.5 ± 2.6

29.8 ± 3.5
10.9 ± 2.6
62.0 ± 3.9

32.8 ± 4.0
13.3 ± 3.1
65.2 ± 4.0

70.6 ± 4.7
30.3 ± 2.2
101.5 ±6.9

69.6 ± 4.6
32.9 ± 2.7
102.3 ±6.4

70.8 ± 4.3
31.2 ± 2.8
102.1 ±7.5

73.1 ± 5.2
30.7 ± 3.4
100.8±7.0

91.8 ± 4.3
78.1 ± 4.3
81.1 ±4.8
116.6±6.3
68.9 ± 4.6
50.2 ± 4.3
72.4± 4.1

90.8 ± 3.5
78.2 ± 3.5
77.0 ± 3.8
111.4±3.9
65.6 ± 2.8
48.9 ± 2.6
69.1 ± 3.6

93.5 ± 3.8
79.6 ± 3.5
79.8 ± 2.9
113.7 ±6.1
67.4 ± 3.6
48.8 ± 3.8
71.8 ±4.2

97.2 ± 4.6
82.9 ± 4.4
83.9 ± 4.4
119.6±6.2
71.0 ± 3.7
51.2 ± 3.5
76.3 ± 5.2